E 

23 



.fl4a 



mil 



'lll> < <l 



i'lMi'lliniii I 



""Ml "Oi till' mill ""mil "!" 
nim 



.... ,| 11 nil I ■ IIMh. 



I iiii'iIII'imM' 
iiiiill 



I IJ 11 



ii>-»ii 




(ilass_ i>?^-ii 

Book .^4^, 



OI lUlAI. nONATIOM. 



^A 3, ^^ 5 a - 1. V^ A 5 tt + S 




A RECORD 



DEDICATION OF THE MONUMENT 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS, SOUTH BOSTON 

BUILT HY THE CO!M{MONlVE^LTH 

^" M E M O R I A L -^ '* 

EVACUATION OF BOSTON, MARCH 17, 1776 
BY r H K BRITISH TROOPS 



March i-j, igo2 






BOSTON: I'RINTED BY ORDER OF THH GOVERNOR 
AND COUNCIL, WRIGHT & POTTER PRINTING COMPANY 
STATE PRINTERS, NINETEEN HUNDRED AND THREE 






D.ofD, 




^pm CONTENTS 



FRONTlSPIECi; 

IMRODUCTION 5 

INSCRIPTION UPON TIIH AIONIIMENT 8 

RESOLVES OE THE C.LNEKAL COURT 9 

Tin; PROCESSION 15 

EIIE ESCORT 16 

CCREMOMES AT THE MONUMENT 21 

V W. Ml'RRAV CRANK 22 

APDRESS OF THE GOVERNOR 2j 
PlIiLIC EXERCISES IN THE SOUTH BOSTON HIGH SCHOOL 25 

PROGRAM 26 

PRAYER OF REV. W. E. WARREN, IML, LL.D. 27 

•. HENRY CAliOT LODGE 32 

AIMlRESS OF THE HON. HENRY CAHOT LODGE 33 



^«%^ INTRODUCTION 





[HE desire of many patriotic citizens to 
commemorate by a suitable memorial 
the evacuation of the city of Boston 
on March 17, 1776, found substantial recognition 
on June 14, 1S98, in a resolve of the General 
Court of Massachusetts, providing for an appropri- 
ation of the sum of " twenty- five thousand dollars 
to be expended under the direction of the Gov- 
ernor and Council for the erection of a monument 
on Dorchester Heights, in the city of Boston, to 
commemorate the construction on said Heights, 
b}- General George Washington and his little 
army, of a redoubt, which caused the British 
troops under the command of General Howe to 
evacuate Boston." 

In compliance with the provisions of this re- 
solve;, tlie Governor appointed a committee of 
the Executive Council to consider the best method 
of obtaining a satisfactory and artistic monument, 
and this committee, on May 10, 1899, rccom- 

5 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

mended that designs be obtained through a 
limited competition. After a careful consideration 
of the eight sets of designs submitted in com- 
petition, that of Messrs. Peabody and Stearns, 
architects, of Boston, was accepted. 

This design called for a structure in style which 
fittingly reproduced the general form and pro- 
portions of the Colonial Meeting House steeple, 
and it was accordingly so constructed. 

The monument is built of white marble. A 
plain shaft about sixty feet high rises from the 
platform at the summit of the hill, relieved only 
by a small balcony on each of the four sides. 
Above the main shaft the walls recede, forming a 
platform surrounded by a balustrade. This plat- 
form commands an unequaled view of Boston, its 
harbor and the surrounding country. A second 
square shaft appears above the balustrade, and the 
whole is crowned by an octagonal lantern. The 
main shaft is eighteen feet four inches square, and 
the extreme height of the monument from the 
platform to the tip of the vane is about one hun- 
dred and fifteen feet. 

The entrance to the tower is on the east side. 
6 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

On the west side is a marble panel, with an 
inscription in gilded letters, prepared by Charles 
VV. Eliot, LL. D., President of Harvard University. 
The monument was unveiled with impressive 
ceremonies on March 17, 1902. The exercises held 
during the afternoon included a parade through 
the principal streets of South Boston, followed 
by an address at the monument by His Excellency 
Governor Winthrop Murray Crane, and the unveil- 
ing of the tablet. The oration by United States 
Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, together with the 
other formal ceremonies, were held in the assembly 
hall of the South Boston High School building. 





ON THESE HEIGHTS 
DURINGTHENICHTOF M^RCH 4 I77f, : 
THE AMERICAN TROOPS BESIEGING BOSTON i 
BUILT TWO REDOUBIS ( 

WHICH MADE THE HARBOR AM) TOWN ! 
UNTENABLE BY THE BRITISH FLEET AND CARRISON 
ON MARCH 1 7 THE BRITISH FLEET \ 

CARRYING IIOOO EFFECTIVE MEN 
AND 1000 REFUGEES 
DROPPED DOWN TO NANTASKET '- •' 
AND. THENCEFORTH 
BOSTON WAS FREE 
A STRONG BRITISH FORCE 
HAD BEEN LXPELLED 
FROM ONE OF THE UNfT^D AMERICAN COLONIES \ 



■n 





RESOLVES 



•>,_aG eneral court 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 



[Chapter 113] 

©onimomuciUtli of ^itssitdiusctts 

IN THE YEAR ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINETY-EIGHT 

R ESOL VE 

TO PROVIDE FOR THE ERECTION OF A MONUMENT 
ON DORCHESTER HEIGHTS 

RESOLVED, That there be allowed and paid out of the treasury of the 
Commi)nweaIth a sum not exceeding' twenty-tlve thousand dollars, 
to be expended under the direction of the governor and council for the 
erection of a monument on Dorchester Heights, in the city of Boston, 
to commemorate the construction on said heights by General George 
Washington and his little army, of a redoubt, which caused the British 
troops under the command of General Howe to evacuate Boston : pro- 
vided, however, that no part of said sum shall be expended until the 
city of Boston shall have provided, without expense to the Common- 
wealth, a site satisfactory to the governor and council, for the erection 
of said monument, and shall have agreed to keep said site open and 
accessible to the public, under such reasonable regulations as may be 
necessary to protect said monument from injury, and until said city shall 
also have agreed to keep at its own expense said site and said monu- 
ment, after its erection, in proper condition and repair. 

House of Representatives, June 13, 1S9S. 
Passed. JOHN L. BATES, Speaker. 

In Senate, June 14, 1S98. 
Passed. GEORGE E. SMITH, President. 

June 14, 1S9S. 
Approved. 

ROGER WOLCOTT. 

Office of the Secretary. 

Boston, Nov. 26, 1902. 
A true copy. 

Witness the Great Seal of the Commonwealth. 
WILLIAM M. OLIN, 

Seerelarj' of the Commonweetlth. 

10 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMOinAL, 

[Chapter 07] 

OyOinnvciuiDcuUlv of plussiichxisctts 

liN TIIL VLAK U^E THOUSAND MINE 11 UN UK ED AND UNE 

RESOLVE 

TO PROVIDE FOR THE COMPLETION OF THE MONU- 
MENT ON DORCHESTER HEIGHTS 

RESOLVED, That tliere be allowed aiid paid out of the treasury of the 
Coninionwealtli a sum not exceedini; eight thousand dollars, to be 
expended under the direction of the governor and council in completing 
the iiiimument on Dorchester Heijihts in the city of Buston commemo- 
rating the Construction in that place by General Washington and his army 
of a redoubt which caused the British trcjops under the command of 
General Howe to evacuate Boston on the seventeenth day of March, sev- 
enteen hundred and seventy-Six. 

House of Representatives, June C>, I90i. 
Passed. JAMES J. MYERS, Speaker. 

In Senate, June 7, 1901. 
Passed. RUFUS A. SOULE, Presuh-nt. 

June 10, 1901. 

Approved. 

W. MURRAY CRANE. 

Olhce of the Secretary. 

Boston, Nov. 26, 1902. 
A true Copy. 

Witness the Great Seal of the Commonwealth, 
WILLIAM M. OLIN, 

Secrdarv of the Commonwealth. 



I I 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 



[Chapter 15] 

©omuiouxucjiltli of ^Xassiicltwsctts 

IN THE YEAR ONE THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED AND TWO 

RESOLVE <* 

TO PROVIDE FOR AN APPROPRIATION FOR DEDICATING 

THE MONUMENT ON DORCHESTER HEIGHTS IN THE 

CITY OF BOSTON 

RESOLVED, Tint tlie sum of live tin msand dollars be allowed and paid 
out uf the treasury of the ComiTKJinvealth, to be expended under 
the direction of the governor and council in paying the cost of dedicat- 
ing, on Evacuation Day, the seventeenth day of March, in the year nine- 
teen hundred and two, the nmnument on Dorchester Heights in the city 
of Boston which has been erected in memory of the evacuation of 
Bi>ston by the British troops. 

House of Representatives, Marcli 5, 1902. 
Passed. JAMES J. MYERS, Sp^^akci. 

In Sen.ite, March 5. 1902. 
Passed. RUFUS A. S(JIJI.E, Pn-,idcul. 

Marcli 5, 1902. 
Approved. 

W. MURRAY CRANE. 

Ollice of the Secretary. 

Boston, Nov. 26, igo2. 
A true Copy. 

Witness the Great Seal of the Commonwealth. 

WILLIAM M. ijLIN, 

SfiTt'ljif of the C.onmnmuvalth. 



12 



D () 1< C H E S T E R H H I ( . HIS MEMORIAL 



iClfAlTlK 1S5| 

(CoinmonxucuUli of plassiu:lx\xsctts 

IN lilt YEAR ONt THOUSAND NINK IILlNl-iKED AND TWO 

AN ACT 

MAKING AN APfKOPRlATlON FOR DEDICATING THE 

MONUMENT ON DORCHESTER HEIGHTS IN THE CITY 

OF BOSTON 

Be it tuacted ht> the Seuate and House of Rcpresoitatives in General Court 

assembled, and fy the authoritv of the same, as follows : — 

SrcTUiN 1. Tilt; sum nf live tlioiisaiut doliurs is hereby appropri- 
ated, ti> be paid mit nf the treasury ui the Cummonwealth, and to be 
cxpeiuled under the direction of the j;iivernor and council for the pay- 
ment of expenses in connection with dedicatinj;, on Evacuation Day, the 
seventeenth of Marcli of the present year, the monument on Dorchester 
Heights in the city of Boston. 

Section 2. This act shall take eilect ujion its passage. 

House of Representatives, March 12, 1902. 
I'assed to be enacted. .IAMBS J. MYERS, Speaker. 

In Senate, March ij, 1902. 
I'assed to be enacted. RUFUS A. SOULE, President. 

March 1 I, 1902. 
Approved. 

\V. MURRAY CRANE. 

I ilhce <>i tlie Secretary. 

Bost<in, Nov. 26, l'.X)2. 
A true Copy. 

Witness the (jreat Seal of the Commonwealtli. 
WILLIAM M. OLIN, 

Secretary of the Commonwealth. 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 



[Chapter 88] 

CC^ommoiuncultli of ^iussachAxsctts 

IN THE YLAK ONE THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED AND TWO 

R ESOL VE 

TO PROVIDE FOR THE COMPLETION OF THE MONUMENT 
OF DORCHESTER HEIGHTS IN THE CITY OF BOSTON 

RESOLVED, That there be allowed and paid out of the treasury of the 
Commonwealth a sum not exceeding three thousand dollars, to be 
expended under the direction of the governor and council in completing 
the monument on Dorchester Heights in the city of Boston, commemo- 
rating the constructii)n in that place by General Wasliington and his army 
of a redoubt which caused the British troops under the cummand of 
General Howe to evacuate Boston on the seventeenth day of March, seven- 
teen hundred and seventy-six. 

House of Representatives, May i, 1902. 
Passed. JAMES J. MYERS, Speaker. 

In Senate, May 5, 1902. 
Passed. RUFUS A. SOULE, President. 

May 6, 1902. 

Approved. 

W. MURRAY CRANE. 

Ollice of the Secretary. 

Boston, Nov. 26, 1902. 
A true copy. 

Witness the Great Seal of the Commonwealth. 
WILLIAM M. OLIN, 

Secretary of the Commonwealth. 



H 



THE PROCESSION 




Marshal and his staff formed the head 
of the procession at Broadway Exten- 
sion, and a few minutes after one o'clock it was 
directed to move. The route of the parade was 
through West and East Broadway, along O Street, 
East Fourth Street, L Street, East Fifth Street, 
K Street, East Eighth Street, I Street, East Fourth 
Street to G Street. When the procession reached 
that portion of G Street near Thomas Park, the 
Chief Marshal and his staff, the Marine Corps, 
9th Regiment, Naval Battalion, ist Corps of Cadets, 
and the carriages containing the Governor and 
guests, proceeded a short distance on the north 
side of the park. Here the Governor and his 
guests alighted and ascended the slope to the sum- 
mit of the I [eights, whereon the monument is 
erected. The bands of the gtli Regiment, Naval 
Brigade, and the ist Corps of Cadets, took their 
positions around the monument, consolidating under 
the leadership of S. S. Lurvy of the 9th Regiment 

15 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

band, and played "The Star Spangled Banner". 
Immediately afterwards Governor Crane addressed 
the assemblage, and the tablet on the marble 
structure, which was covered with American flags, 
was unveiled amid the strains of "America." 

THE ESCORT 

Mounted police in cliarge uf Sergeant .Stone. 

CHARLESTOAVN MARINE BAND 

Two companies of marines, escorting the chief niarslial, Capt. Dion C. 
WiUiams commanding. 

CHIEF MARSHAL 

Lieut.-Col. William II. Devine, 2il brigade, M. V. M. 

CHIEF OF STAFF 

Capt. William J. Casey, adjutant gth infantry, M. V. M. 

STAFF 

Lieut. -Col. George H. Benyon, Governor's staff; Lieut.-Col. E. E. Locke, 
assistant adjutant-general, 2d brigade; Maj. George F. H. Murray, 
L. S. W. v.; Maj. Joseph J. Kelley, 9th regiment infantry, M. V. M.; 
Maj. John J. SuUivan, 9th regiment; Maj. II. P. Ballard, 2d brigade 
staff; Maj. John P. Lombard, surgeon, 9th regiment; Capt. John H. 
Dunn, gth regiment; Capt. Frank K. Neal, National Lancers, M. V. M.; 
Capt. James A. GaUivan, 2d brigade stalT; Capt. Hugh Bancroft, 2d bri- 
gade staff; Capt. Walter C. Wardwcll, 2<1 brigade stafi'; Capt. Roland H. 
Sherman, 2d brigade staff; Capt. Thomas F. Clark, L. S. W. V. ; Lieut. 
George Proctor, National Lancers, M. V. M. ; Lieut. Daniel J. Murphy, 
9th regiment infantry; Lieut. Thomas J. Tute, Ancient and Honorable 
Artillery; Lieut. Alfred Mudge, 1st battalion cavalry, M. V. M.; Col. 
James Sullivan, Union Veterans' Union; Capt. John Mahoney, Post 2, 
G. A. R. ; Dr. William H. Ruddick, G. A. R.; Sergt.Thom.is W. Flood, 
Ancient and Honorable Artillery; Sergt. Albert L. Wyman, non-commis- 
sioned stafI", 2d brigade; Sergt. George H. Nee, Medal of Honor Legion; 
Sergt. John Farley, Dablgren Post 2, G .\. R. 

16 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 



NINTH REGIMENT BAND 

9th regiment infantry, six companies, Lieut. -Col. Lawrence J. Logan 
commanding. 



STAFF 

1st Lieut, li. F. Flanigan, adjutant; Capt. J. J. Dunn; Capt. J. E. 

McGourty, assistant surgeon; 1st Lieut. John P. Kane, paymaster; 1st 

Lieut. Joseph J. Foley; Lieut. T.J. Sullivan; 2d Lieut. Edward L. Logan. 
Company A — Capt. George M. Rogers, 1st Lieut. T. J. Sullivan, 2d Lieut. 

Edward L. Logan. 
Company B — Capt. James F. Walsh, 1st Lieut. J. J. llickey, 2d Lieut. 

James IL (Juthrie. 
Company C — Capt. Thomas F. Quinlan, 1st Lieut. M. E. Bowten, 2d Lieut. 

M. L. King. 
Company E — Capt. J. J. liarry, ist Lieut. U. P. Sullivan, 2d Lieut. C. J. 

Murphy. 
Company H — Capt. J. J. Hayes, Ist Lieut. P. H. Sullivan, 2d Lieut. 

Thomas P. Clark. 
Company I ^Capl. J. A. Cully, Ist Lieut. John F. Delaney, 2d Lieut. John F. 

Mclnnes. 

NAVAL BRIGADE BAND 

liattalion naval lirigade, Lieut. -Com. James H. Dillaway, Jr., commandmg. 

STAFF 

Lieut. J. Thayer Lincoln, adjutant; Lieut. James MarsIiiH, paymaster; Lieut. 

Dennis F. Sughruc, assistant surgeon; Lieut. D. G. Eldredgc, assistant 

surgeon; Lieut. T. R. Armstrong, engineer; Ensign Thomas .S. Prouly, 

assistant paymaster; Lieut. A. A. Bittues. 
Company C — Lieut. Charles H. Parker, chief of company; Lieut. Louis 

E. Fclton, Ensign William A. Lewis. 
Company A — Lieut. Daniel IL Sughrue, chief of company; Ensign Bradford 

n. Pierce. 
Company B — -Lieut. Daniel M. Gijodrich, chief of company; Lieut. Frederic 

IL I'rench, Ensign Dudley M. Pr.iy. 

BOSTON CADET BAND 

1st corps of cadets (escorting the commander-in-chief). Lieut. -Col. T. F. 
Edmands commanding ; M.i). Thomas Talbot. 

17 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 



STAFF 

1st Lieut. W. B. Stearns, adjutant ; ist Lieut. Alfred J. Rowan, quartermaster; 
Maj. Charles M. Green, surgeon; Ist Lieut. David Cheever, assistant sur- 
geon; 1st Lieut. J. Parker Bremer, paymaster; Ist Lieut. W. A. Hayes, 
I. R. P. 

Company A — Capt. Frank L. Joy, Ist Lieut. Charles E. Loud, 2d Lieut. John 
Lavalle. 

Company B — Capt. F. Elliot Cabot, 1st Lieut. C. H. Cole, Jr., 2d Lieut. 
Frank E. Phinney. 

Company C — Capt. John A. Blanchard, 1st Lieut. Jesse E. Stearns, 2d 
Lieut. F. A. Stearns. 

Company D — Capt. Charles D. Rollins, ist Lieut. W. S. Dinsmore, 2d Lieut. 
Holton B. Perkins. 

Governor W. Murray Crane, Lieutenant-Governor John L. Bates, Mayor 
Patrick A. Collins, Admiral W. S. Schley and other guests in carriages, 
including the state and city committees and the officers of the South 
Boston Citizens' Association. 

Light battery A — Capt. Samuel D. Parker, commanding; 1st Lieut. Harry 
S. Blake, Ist Lieut, William Amory, 2d, 2d Lieut. C. S. Dole. 

ENGLISH HIGH SCHOOL DRUM AND BUGLE. CORPS 

Company A — Capt. John S. Black, Lieut. John A. Steele, Lieut. M. J. Red- 
ding, 1st Sergt. J. V. Fitzgerald. 

Company B — Lieut. A. G. Robertson, Lieut. J. A. Lally, ist Sergt. John 
Curley. 

Company C — Capt. Henry Mercer, Lieut. Frank Sheedy, Lieut. J. F". Sterritt, 
1st Sergt. M. V. Callahan. 

ST. AUGUSTINE'S BAND 

Washington Post 32, G. A. R., Commander John Mahoney. 
Dahlgren Post 2, G. A. R., Commander William H. Whitney. 

REARSARGE NAVAL VETERAN BAND 

Gettysburg command. Union Veterans' Union, Thomas Hogan, colonel. 

Maj M. J. O'Connor camp, L. S. W. V., Maj. George F. H. Murray, state 
commander-in-chief of Legion of Spanish War Veterans commanding. 

Tlie carriages containing the guests and members of the city, State and Citi- 
zens' Association committees were as follows : — 

First carriage — Governor W. Murray Crane, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge 
and Adjutant General Samuel Dalton. 

18 



DORCHESTEI-f HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 



Second carriage — Lieutenant Governor John L. Bates, the Rev. Dr. William 
K. Warren, Councillor Henry D. Verxa and Surgeon General Robert S. 
Blood. 

Third carriage — Admiral W. S. Schley, Mayor Patrick A. Collins, Congress- 
man Henry F. Naphen and Inspector General Wm. H. Brigham. 

Fourth carriage — Congressman Joseph A. Conry, Major Patterson and tlen- 
eral Henry S. Dewey. 

Fifth carriage — Councillors Jeremiah J. McNamara and Arthur A. Maxwell, 
Secretary of State William M. Olin and Col. James White, I. G. R. P. 

Sixth carriage — Councillor David I. Robinson, Treasurer E. S. Bradford, 
Private Secretary John B. Smith, Col. William C. Capelle. 

Seventh carriage — Attorney General Herbert Parker, Executive Secretary 
Edward F. Hamlin, Col. Arthur Denny, assistant inspector general, 
Executive Stenographer, Francis Hurtubis, Jr. 

Eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth carri.ages contained the 
following-named persons : — Major Charles G. Davis, President Rufus A. 
Soule, senators M. J. Sullivan, John K. Berry and W. T. A. Fitzgerald, 
Speaker James J. Myers, representatives Edward B. Callender, William 
S. McNary, Arthur P. Russell, David W. Creed, Edward L. Logan, 
William J. Sullivan, Charles M. Draper, Arthur E. Newcomb, Charles 
E. Stearns and Samuel Roads, Jr.; Doorkeeper David T. Remington of 
the Senate and .Assistant Doorkeeper Thomas F. Peilrick of the House; 
Messengers Francis Steele, Sidney Holmes, Charles H. Johnson, Edward 
C. Cook and James P. Clair. 

Fourteenth carriage — Chairman James Doyle of the Board of Aldermen, Presi- 
dent Arthur W. Dolan of the Common Council, City Messenger Edward J. 
Leary. 

The next carriages contained members of the city government committee : — 
aldermen Charles H. Statter)', Michael W. Norris; councilmen William 
P. Hickey, Patrick J. Shields, Hugh W.Young, John J.Teevans, Andrew 
L. O'Toole, Robert Ware, Richard Walsh, John Lane, Edward F. 
McGrady and Frank Linehan. 

Following these were two carriages containing the Citizens' Committee : — 
Edward P. Barry, chairman, John H. Means, president, Edward J. 
Powers, secretary, David L. White, treasurer. 

In one of the barouches which joined in the procession were Dr. John Sullivan 
and his brother, Edward Sullivan, great grandsons of Maj.-Gen. John 
Sullivan, of Revolutionary fame, who commanded the New Hampshire 
contingent under Gen. Washington at the siege of Boston. 



19 




CEREMONIES 

INCIDENT Tl) THb UNVtlLING dh TllF 

UORCHHSTER HEIGHTS MONUMENT 




ADDRESS 

BY HIS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR CRANE 



jNE hundred and twenty-six years ago 
to-day, American patriots, under the 
leadership of George Washington, 
erected fortifications on these heights, which re- 
sulted in the British troops, under the command 
of General Howe, evacuating the town of Boston. 
From that day to this the soil of Massachu- 
setts has not been pressed by the foot of a foreign 
foe. In grateful memory of the brave men who by 
resistance to tyranny and by successful revolution 
established the Republic, and to the end that the 
noble deeds done here may not be forgotten, the 
Commonwealth has erected this monument, which 
I now have the privilege to unveil. 



^PUBLIC EXERCISES 




I .N THE 



SOUTH B O S r O N HIGH SCHOOL 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 



PROGRAM 



PRESirUNG OFFICER 
OVERTURE 



PRAYER 
RESPONSE 



ORCHESTRA 
SOLO Soprano 



H I S EXC ELLENCY W. MURRAY CRA^E 

Thomas 



' Mignon " 

ORCHESTRA 

MR. EMIL mOLLENHAUER, CONDUCTOR 

REV. WILLIAM F. WARREN, D.D., LL.D. 



"Almighty Father' 



Herbert 



QUARTET 

MRS. ALICE BATES RICE 

MR. CLARENCE SHIRLEY 

MISS ADAH CAMPBELL HUSSEY 

MR. ARTHUR BERESFORD 



' Narcissus " 

'The Star-Spangled Banner" 

MRS. ALICE BATES RICE 



Nevin 
Francis Scott Key 



ORATION 



SELECTION 



HVMN 



HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE 

' The Victor's Return " 

QUARTET 



Mendelssohn 



'America' 



/?«'. 5. F. Smith, D.D. 



Al.I. ARE RRQIIESTED TO RISE AND JOIN IN SINGING THE HVMN 



My country! *lil of thee, 
Sweet land of liberty, 

Of thee I sing: 
Land where my fathers died! 
Land of the pilgrims' pride! 
From ev'ry mountain side 

Let freedom ring ! 



My native country, thee, 
Land of the noble, free. 

Thy name I love: 
1 love thy rocks and rills, 
Thy woods and templed hills: 
My heart with rapture thrills 

Like that above. 



ORCHESTRA " American Airs ' 

FINALE 



Let music swell the breeze. 
And ring from all the trees 

Sweet freedom's song : 
Let mortal tongues awake; 
Let all that breathe partake; 
Let rocks their silence break, 

The sound prolong. 



Our fathers' God! to Thee, 
Author of Liberty, 

To Thee we sing: 
Long may our land be bright 
With freedom's holy light; 
Protect us by Thy might. 

Great God, our King ! 




PRAYER 

OF THE 

Rev. WILLIAM F. WARREN, D.D., LL.D. 




PRAYER 

BY REV. WILLIAM F. WARREN, D.D., LL.D. 

T is very meet, right, and our bounden 
dut}-, that we should at all times and in 
all places give thanks unto thee, O Lord, 
holy I'^ather, almighty, everlasting God. 

For this hour we give thee thanks. With ex- 
ultant hearts hav^e we gathered upon one of the 
altar-heights of this land, dedicated by thee to 
liberty. We thank thee for the vision of faith 
thou gavest unto our fathers ere yet thy deliver- 
ing hand was seen. We thank thee for the 
heroism and fortitude and patience with which 
through long years they struggled for the realiza- 
tion of that vision. Into the fruit of their strug-crles 
we, and millions of our fellow-men, have entered. 
We desire tiiat the victorious help thou broughtest 
to those fathers be not forgotten by our children. 
Reverently have we builded our memorial, rever- 
ently we dedicate it to thee. To the remotest 
generation may it stand, witnessing to thy never- 
failing care. To the men of all coming time may 
it brinor its silent solemn summons to <rratitude 
and trust. 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

Be pleased to bless the magistrates and people 
of our Commonwealth and of its loved metropolis. 
May righteous laws and wise administration per- 
petuate all good that we inherit. May we never 
forget that except the Lord keep the city the 
watchman waketh but in vain. 

We further implore thy blessing upon the whole 
sisterhood of states that share with us the fruit of 
the victory we here and now commemorate. Be 
thou the guide and helper of our President, and 
of all who make and execute our laws. Be thou 
the protector, the custodian, the commander-in- 
chief of our army and of our navy. May right- 
eousness exalt the nation, that we may be that 
happy people whose God is the Lord. 

Thou hast taught us to pray also for our ene- 
mies. Gladly would we linger to do it ; but thou 
hast graciously turned our ancient enemies into 
friends. The cannon that thundered against our 
homes and liberties now thunder salutes of honor 
and good-will to the banner of the Stars and 
Stripes. Glory be to thee for long-established 
international amity. Bless thou our Motherland. 
May peace be within her walls and prosperity 
within her palaces. For our brethren and com- 
panions' sakes we will now say. Peace be within 
her. 

30 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

All this wc humbly ask through Him who 
taught us when we pray to say : Our Father who 
art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy king- 
dom come. Thy will be done in earth as it is 
in heaven. Give us tliis day our daily bread ; and 
forgive us our tresp.isses as we forgive them that 
trespass against us. Lead us not into temptation, 
but deliver us from evil. For thine is the king- 
dom, and the power and the glory forever. Amen. 




31 



llADDRESS 




4 



O I I II I 



H(>N. HHNRY CABOT LODGE 




ADDRESS 

BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE 



MONG the old churches of Boston 
which have fallen before the march of 
trade was that which stood in Brattle 
Street, from which it took its name. Plain exter- 
nally in form and outline, the interior of the old 
church had all the dignity and simplicity charac- 
teristic of the school of Wren. The grace of a 
day that was dead, the faint perfume of the iSth 
century hung about the stately columns and the 
high-backed pews, whose occupants were obliged 
to gaze upwards in order to see their minister, 
raised high above their heads in the great ma- 
hogany pulpit, the gift, I believe, of John Han- 
cock. To this old church, which I wish might 
have been spared and preserved, my cliildish 
steps were early directed, in order that I might 
Icarn my catechism in the Sunday School and 
beneath the shadows of the Doric columns join 
in the simple services and be imbued with the 
gentle liberality of Unitarianism. It was not, 
however, I am sorry to say, either catechism or 

35 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

doctrine or sermon which impressed me most 
deeply when I was first taken to Brattle Street 
Church, but a certain lump of iron planted con- 
spicuously in the side of the square tower. That 
bit of iron was obviously a cannon ball, and my 
boyish imagination was much excited when I 
was told that it had been fired into the town 
by Washington and had then found its present 
resting place. It did not disturb me at all that 
the ball was neatly set in the brick wall, just half 
in and half out. It was a genuine cannon ball, 
fired in war, and that was enough for me. But 
in this way the first historical event of which I 
became conscious was driven into my mind by 
the old cannon ball, just as it had itself been 
driven into the tower's side, if we can only believe 
the cherished tradition of my early days, by some 
of Washington's hardly acquired powder. The his- 
torical event which thus came out of the past and 
made itself real to me I need hardly say to you 
was the one we commemorate to-day, the successful 
occupation of Dorchester Heights by the American 
Army, which led to the immediate evacuation of 
the town by the British forces. Suspicion of skill- 
ful mason work in the position occupied by the 
old cannon ball of Brattle Street invaded my mind 
as I grew older and disturbed the happy faith of 
36 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

childhood, but the fact of which the ball was the 
representative and symbol loomed ever larger and 
clearer on my mental vision. 

I came to understand why an American Army 
had fired on an American town and that this 
rather gruesome messenger from friends outside 
really put an end to the miseries which Boston 
had long endured for the sake of freedom and 
independence. Then, as my horizon widened with 
years of study devoted to the history of my 
country, I came to know that the batteries on 
Dorchester Heights or in Cambridge which had 
succeeded in reaching with their shot my old 
church tower were parts of a great whole, that 
they were the instruments and causes of a result 
which closed the first of our Revolutionary War, 
and that they formed a strong link in the chain 
of events then forging and destined as it length- 
ened to involve the civilized world and to change 
as the years passed by the political outlook of all 
civilized mankind. 

What was the message then of those Dorchester 
guns, trained by Washington against the devoted 
three-hilled town ? Brielly, I shall try to tell you. 
It is an old story, but one that does not suffer by 
being told over and over again, and I know that 
you will forgive me if I should repeat myself here 

37 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

to-day, for I have told this tale at least twice in 
books which I have been unwise enough to write, 
in total disregard of Job's profound reflection 
touching books and men. 

The message of the Dorchester batteries to tliose 
who with their own eyes saw the black mouths 
and with their own ears heard the first roar of the 
guns was plain enough. It said to the British 
army that those guns must be silenced or the 
town given up. Failing to silence them, as we all 
know, they abandoned the town and Lord Howe 
sailed away to Nova Scotia taking with him the 
British soldiers and the Boston Tories. 

The message of Dorchester Heights to those 
distant from the scene and to future generations 
mingles with the deeper voices of that memorable 
time when the world was entering upon new 
conceptions of political rights and when the old 
system of privilege was beginning to quiver to its 
base. It is of this larger aspect of the event 
which we commemorate to-day that I wish to 
speak to you in the brief time allotted to me. 
If it is possible I should like to bring out clearly 
into light and meaning the exact place which the 
military movement that culminated here occupies 
in the events of that great period. 

The fieht at Concord Bridge, the first shot in 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

the Revolution, the first drumbeat in the march 
of the coming democracy had broken on a some- 
what slumberous world in April, 1775. In June 
came the famous attempt to drive the British 
from Boston by taking a position in Charlestown 
which would make their occupation of the town 
untenable. The result was the Battle of Bunker 
Hill, orreat slaughter amoncj the soldiers of the 
Crown and a technical British victory more disas- 
trous to England than any battle she had ever 
lost. To Washington, spurring on his way to 
take command of the army, came the news of the 
fight. "Did the militia fight?" was his one preg- 
nant question. When told how they had fought, 
he said, "Then the liberties of the country are 
safe," and rode on. Give him men who would 
fight and he would do the rest. You can hear 
across the vanished years the tones of the crucial 
question and the note of confidence in the words 
he utters as he rides away. 

Yes, the material very raw, but very good 
and sound, was all there gathered about Bos- 
ton, and now was added to it the great com- 
mander, and out of the combination was to come 
an army, and in due time results very necessary to 
the American cause at that moment. But the attain- 
ment of those results was a heavy work, taxing 

39 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

to the utmost the strong will, the steady patience 
and the great talents of the commander-in-chief. 
Old levies went away, the ranks were perilously 
thinned, and new levies had to be brought in and 
molded into an organized, disciplined force. Pow- 
der gave out, and with this fatal secret locked in 
his heart Washington had to maintain his bold 
front and seek fresh supplies of this one essential 
thing in every direction by sea and land. Then as 
he drew his lines ever closer he was met by the 
seemingly invincible obstacle that there were not 
sufficient guns fit for siege work. So Henry Knox 
went up through the snow to Ticonderoga and 
brought thence on sledges the guns of the cap- 
tured fortress. Thus as winter drew to an end, in 
one way or another, the General had done his 
work. His army was drilled and organized, pow- 
der and siege artillery had been procured, the 
instrument he had so painfully and patiently 
fashioned was ready to his hand, and impatience 
to grasp the result for which he had labored so 
long began to take possession of him. 

Soon after his arrival at Cambridge he had pro- 
posed to assault the town and was held back by 
a council of war. Then came the trials of winter 
and now he was ready again. In February he 
proposed to cross on the ice and attack, and once 
40 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

more the council of war, true to the traditions of 
their kind, withstood him. But this time he was 
fully ready, this time he meant to fight, council 
or no council, in one way, if not in another. He 
proposed with all the force of his strong nature 
to have the town, with the British or without them, 
and to take it then and there. If he could not 
cross the ice and storm Boston he would go 
thither by land. 

Washington had been slowly strengthening 
and advancing his works all through the winter. 
Now he determined upon a decisive stroke, and 
on the evening of March 4, under cover of a 
heavy bombardment, he moved forward, took pos- 
session of Dorchester Heights and began to 
throw up redoubts. All night the work went on. 
The troops who did it came from the Cape and 
from Essex, from Middlesex and the western 
counties, and from all over New England. In the 
early days of the past summer their personal 
independence, their indifference to discipline and 
their careless ways had moved Washington to 
anger more than once. But now he had learned 
to know them, while they had come to a great faith 
in him, and so they worked now with all the 
energy, quickness and intelligence of their race. 
Rufus Putnam, destined to lasting famt; as one of 

41 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

the pioneers and founders of Ohio, devised the 
"chandeliers", as they were called, from which the 
breastworks were constructed. Everyone did his 
best, and these fishermen and farmers of New 
England, now soldiers in the American army, toiled 
on with strong and willing arms through the dark 
hours of the chill March night, while up and down 
the lines rode Washington, encouraging the men 
and urging on the work. I like to think of that 
scene, of the dim hidden lights flaring fitfully in 
the gusty wind, of the men piling up the earth 
and digging out the trenches with the darkness 
hanging over them, the roar of the covering guns 
sounding in their ears, and along the lines the 
stately figure of the great leader passing by, the 
joy of coming battle stirring strongly in his heart. 
Morning dawned, and the works were visible to 
Boston. Great stir then among the British. 
Those works must be destroyed, or they must 
abandon the town. Preparations were hastily 
made for an attack on the following day. The 
morrow came and there was a gale so that they 
could not cross the bay ; the next day it rained 
heavily. The next day it was too late, for during 
all those days and nights the American soldiers 
had worked on and the Commander-in-Chief had 
continued to ride up and down the lines to such 
42 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

purpose that his redoubts were no longer open 
to direct assault. Then the Ticonderoga guns 
opened on Boston, and the enemy opened a 
parley through the selectmen. Howe promised to 
evacuate if not attacked, but if attacked said that 
he would burn the town. Washington assented. 
1 1 owe delayed, and Washington, being no lover 
of delays or hesitations, advanced his works. The 
hint was taken, and on March 17, amid much dis- 
order and pillage, eleven thousand British troops, 
with about as many hundred Americans, went on 
board the lleet, while Washington and his army 
marched in at the other end of the town, worn 
and broken by the siege, and with small-pox, the 
dread disease of that century, threatening those 
of the inhabitants who still remained. 

The siege was over. The British lingered for 
a few days near the entrance to the harbor, 
closely watched by Washington, and then sailed 
away for Halifax. In a purely military way a 
very remarkable victory had been achieved, some- 
thing well worth the consideration of a ministry 
in distant London, not over-addicted to sustained 
thought. I might give much space and many 
words to this victory, but I shall not, for I cannot 
improve upon Washington's own terse and simple 
statement : "To maintain" he said, "a post within 

43 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

musket shot of the enemy for six months together 
without powder, and at the same time to disband 
one army and recruit another within that dis- 
tance of twenty odd British regiments is more, 
probably, than was ever attempted." He might 
have added that during considerable portions of 
that period he had held the British shut up in 
Boston with a less force than their own. The siege 
of Boston and its results are among the events 
of the war which prove Washington's great military 
talents as well as his power in the command of men 
in a very high degree. My purpose, however, to- 
day, is not to discuss the genius of Washington as 
a soldier and leader of men, but to try to place in 
their true light the relations of this victory won by 
Washington and his New England army to the 
other events of a memorable time. Judged in 
connection with the outcome of the Revolutionary 
War, which resulted in the independence of the 
Thirteen States, the evacuation of Boston, com- 
pelled as it was by the establishment of our 
batteries upon Dorchester Heights, was of far- 
reaching importance. It ranks with Trenton and 
Saratoga, with King's Mountain and Greene's cam- 
paign, with Yorktown and the destruction of Brit- 
ish commerce by American privateers, as one of 
the decisive achievements in our struggle against 
44 



DOR CHESTER HEIGH IS MEMORIAL 

England. There is not the same brilliancy about 
it that there is about some of the battles of the 
Revolution, because we finally regained the town 
without actual conflict. It did not reach so far 
into the future as Clark's bold march into the 
Illinois country, which carried our boundaries to 
the Mississippi. And yet it may be doubted if 
any single event had more general effect on the 
course of the war than the expulsion of the Brit- 
ish from the New England capital. With the 
departure of Lord Howe's fleet, the British went 
finally out of New England. Except for the fight 
at Bennington, which was an incident of the cam- 
paign directed against New York, and of the 
temporary occupation of Newport, which hardly 
rose above the level of a raid, New England after 
the 17th of March, 1776, was entirely free from 
the enemy. It must be remembered that at that 
period the New England States had the largest 
and most compact population of all the colonies. 
Their people were nearly all white. They were 
practically free from the burden of slaves, who 
added numbers to the Southern population, but 
nothing to the fighting strength. There was very 
little division of sentiment among the New Eng- 
landers. Like Virginia, and unlike the Carolinas 
and the Middle States, New England had few 

45 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

loyalists, so few in fact that they were utterly un- 
able to raise the standard of civil war, as was 
done in the South and in New York. The free- 
dom of the New England States, therefore, from 
the enemy and from any domestic dangers, left 
them at liberty to furnish troops to the Continen- 
tal Army, and from New England the Army of 
Washington, which represented the cause of the 
entire country, and in some dark hours carried 
alone the fate and fortune of the Revolution, was 
largely recruited. Had those states been exposed 
to the same perils and dissensions as the Carolinas 
and New York, or had their capital city remained 
in the hands of the enemy, this would have been 
impossible, and the largest white population in 
the Colonies would have been shut off from the 
American cause, as a large and steady source of 
supply for the rank and file of the Continental 
Army. The enormous importance of New Eng- 
land in this aspect of the American cause was 
clearly perceived by the British, who devoted 
some of tlicir most energetic efforts to cutting off 
New England, after they had lost it, from the 
rest of the country, by getting possession of the 
line of the Hudson. It was to prevent this that 
Washington fought the dreary campaign which 
succeeded the retreat from the city of New York. 
46 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

It was with this purpose in view that Burgoyne 
descended from the North, only to meet with ruin 
at Saratoga. One of the last attempts of the 
enemy was in the same direction, when they en- 
deavored to get possession of West Point through 
the treason of Arnold. To keep the most popu- 
lous portion of the Colonies free to render service 
with money and men to the common cause of all 
the colonies, therefore, was a military object of 
the very first importance, and this was achieved by 
Washington when he drove the British from Bos- 
ton on the 17th of March. 

This, in itself, is enough to justify the erection 
of a monument at this spot, for it was here on 
Dorchester Heights that the deed was done which 
so powerfully contributed to the success of the 
American Revolution. But this is merely the im- 
mediate historical aspect of the victory which those 
batteries on Dorchester Heights achieved. An 
event which was among those that decided the 
outcome of the American Revolution has a much 
larger significance than that which was merely 
military and contemporary, for the American Revo- 
lution was the beginning of that series of vast 
changes which have made the world as we know 
it now. The social and political commonplaces of 
to-day were the daring aspirations, the untried 

47 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

hopes, the gleaming visions of the closing years 
of the eighteenth century. The American Revolu- 
tion, which began at Lexington and Concord and 
ended at Yorktown, was the first step in the great 
movement which swept away privileges, made de- 
mocracy a reality, and converted the doctrine that 
all civilized governments ultimately derive their 
power from the whole body of the community 
from a dream to a maxim. The establishment of 
this new principle was destined to convulse the 
world. Passing from America to France it there 
altered the face of Europe and filled the world 
with war. Checked at Waterloo, the movement 
took up its march again in 1830, when the Bour- 
bon monarchy was destroyed in France and the 
Reform Bill was passed in England, and culminated 
again in 1848 in revolutionary uprisings, which, 
whether successful or unsuccessful at the moment, 
none the less forced on still further the fundamental 
change in politics and in society which had begun 
so long ago on Lexington Common and at Con- 
cord Bridge. The people of the Thirteen Colonies 
for the first time demonstrated to the world that 
a new force had arisen, the force of a people in 
arms, fighting not for a dynasty nor to gratify a 
king's ambition, but for themselves. It was this 
new force which enabled revolutionary France to 
48 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

fling back the old fashioned armies of banded 
Europe in hopeless defeat. Therefore, the Ameri- 
can Revolution was a very great event, not only 
to ourselves, but in the history of mankind, and 
it is well for us to mark every stage of its prog- 
ress with monuments and to learn its history in 
all details. 

But there was another meaning quite as deep, 
quite as important to the future, in the American 
Revolution as the fact that it was the beginning 
of a (Treat democratic movement. It is usual to 
date the passing away of the Middle Ages and 
the rise of what we call modern history from two 
great events, the reformation of religion, begun 
by Luther, and the discovery of America. Un- 
doubtedly that discovery of the new world finally 
changed to the very foundations all the condi- 
tions, political, social and economic, which existed 
at the time when Columbus started on his great 
voyage, but many years were to elapse, and 
Columbus, and the Cabots, and Magellan were to 
be many years in their graves before the world- 
wide effects of what they had done were to be- 
come operative. Very slowly indeed did the new 
world come into the possession of the people of 
Western Europe. Very slowly did the settlements 
made by Europe in America rise into commer- 

49 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

cial importance, or gather wealth and population 
enough to make them considered as a factor in 
the world's affairs. Spain looked upon her col- 
onies as little more than mines from which the 
precious metals were to be drawn. The Eng- 
lish colonies on the Atlantic coast of North 
America struggled slowly upwards, little heeded 
by the mother country, and little known except 
by the merchants who traded with them. But all 
the time they were gathering strength, and at 
last, through the ignorance of certain little minis- 
terial minds, ill-fitted to manage a great empire, 
they were driven forward into independence. 
The people rose up in the Thirteen Colonies and 
fought their own battle, and won it. But they 
won a great deal more than independence — they 
won the opportunity to make a great nation. If 
they had remained colonies of England they would 
have been as insignificant in the world's affairs 
as her other colonies are to-day, but when they 
ceased to be a part of the British empire they 
entered upon the path which alone could lead 
them to a greatness of their own, destined to 
affect the world's economy more profoundly than 
anything which had happened in modern times. 
The people who thus set themselves free from 
England had added to their predominant English 
50 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

stock kindred people from Germany and Holland, 
from Scotland and from Ireland, as well as Hu- 
guenots from France, but all belonged essentially 
to a ruling and governing race. The men who had 
settled on the Atlantic shores of North America 
were the men of adventure, men who were 
ready to take tlieir lives and fortunes in their 
hands and go forth into the wilderness. Set free 
from the bonds which held them to the British 
Empire, it would have been as impossible to con- 
fine that people so bred and nurtured within the 
limits of their own original states, as it would 
have been to have stayed the waters of the Mis- 
sissippi on their way to the ocean. Even in the 
throes of the Revolution they had pushed their 
way to the Great River, and the children of men 
who had taken possession of a new continent 
could not rest until they had conquered it all. 
Only one great danger really hung over them, and 
that was that they might divide among themselves. 
In the slow process of years that hour of peril 
came. The result was the consolidation of the 
United States, the greatest single event, if judged 
by its world wide meaning, of the nineteenth cen- 
tury, surpassing even in meaning and importance 
the consolidation of Germany which followed a few 
years later. Once that consolidation was effected 

5t 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

and the scars which it had left effaced, the onward 
march which had begun under George Rogers 
Clark was again taken up. From the Atlantic to 
the Pacific the continent was subdued to the uses 
of the people who had entered in and possessed 
it, and then with that great work done the United 
States strode into the world arena strong with all 
the gathered strength of its hundred years of 
growth and labor. New problems meet us now 
under the new conditions, and we must face them 
as those who have gone before faced the trials of 
their own time. In the process of evolution we 
have seen the nation grow and expand, we have 
watched the foreign flags departing one after 
another from the American Hemisphere and have 
seen our own rise in the Orient, in the West 
Indies and in distant islands of the Pacific. What 
the future has in store for us no one can tell. 
That it is to be a great future no one doubts. 
To the soldiers working in the Dorchester trenches, 
to the great commander riding along the toiling 
lines, the future was veiled in darkness as black 
as the March night which hung coldly over them. 
Yet they worked on doing the best that was in 
them, with faith only that they would conquer the 
present and that the future would repay. That 
future has now come and we their children turn 
52 



DORCHESTER HEIGHTS MEMORIAL 

to them in gratitude and honor their memories. 
Here on this spot we raise a monument which 
shall sei-\'e as a beacon light to guide future gen- 
erations to one of the memorable scenes of our 
history. And here under its shadow we can rear 
a still better monument to the men of the Rev- 
olution by the resolve that we too will toil even 
as they did, in darkness and in light, with victory 
over the present, with deep faith in the future 
and with abiding loyalty to our beloved country 
ever dominant in our hearts, ever master of our 
lives. 




( ( 



ni-- 



LIBRARY OF C5r^^^'"""l|l 



011 712 244 A 



